Wednesday, November 2, 2011

Podcast #3: Principles of Design

Define principles of design?
Concepts used to arrange the structural elements of a composition

What do the principles of design affect?
The expressive content, or the message of the work.

What is the principle of repetition?
Repeating some aspect or element of a design

Describe ways that the principle of repetition helps the composition/audience?
It help the viewer navigate through the piece and unify separate parts.

What are ways that you can incorporate repetition into your designs?
Bold font, thick line, format, certain bullet, color, design element, spatial relationship, etc.

What should you avoid when working with repetition?
It's important not to repeat so much that it is overwhelming and annoying to the viewer.

What is the principle of proportion/scale?
The relative size and scale of the various elements in a design

What is the most universal standard of measure when judging size?
The human body

How can the principle of proportion/scale be used as an attention getter?
Unusual scales that are unexpected grab attention

What is the principle of balance?
The distribution of heavy and light elements on a page

Which kinds of elements/shapes visually weigh heavier/greater?
The size, shape, and tone affect somethings weight on a page; larger elements appear heavier than smaller elements and irregular shapes look heavier than regular shapes

What is another name for symmetrical balance?
Formal balances

Define symmetrical balance?
It occurs when the weight of a composition is evenly distributed around a central, vertical, or horizontal axis.

What is another name for asymmetrical balance?
Informal balances

Define asymmetrical balance?
When the weight of a composition is not evenly distributed around the axis

What is the principle of emphasis?
The stressing of a particular area of focus

What happens to a design that has no focus?
Nothing stands out

What is a focal point and how is it created?
Area where the eye tends to go first

How many components of a composition can be a focal point?
One, so that attention is drawn to it

What ways can emphasis be created in a design?
Contrasting primary elements with subordinates, and sudden change in direction, size, shape, texture, color, tone, or line

What is the principle of unity?
The 'wholeness' of a composition

What three ways can unity be obtained?
1.
Put objects close to one another in a compostion

2.
Make things similar by using similar textures, shapes, etc.

3.
Direct vision by a line

What is the principle of variety?
Pertaining to the differences and diversity, making the art interesting

What ways can a designer add variety to a design?
By varying textures, color, and shapes and altering their contrast, tone, and intensity

Why is it important to find the right balance between unity and variety?
Too much unity can be boring, but too much variety can be chaotic.

What is figure?
The part of the composition we pay attention to, or the design itself.

What is another name for figure?
Positive space

What is ground?
The surrounding area around the figure

What is another name for ground?
Negative space

When a composition is abstract (has no recognizable subject) what will the figure depend on? What does that mean?
It depends on the abstract relationship; the way the viewer looks at the artwork

Why must a designer consider the composition as a whole?
So that the image is fully designs

What is the principle of rhythm?
The continuity, recurrence, or organized movement in space and time

How is rhythm achieved?
Through the orderly repetition of any element

What three ways can rhythm occur in a design?
1.
Intervals between the elements are similar in size

2.
Organic sense of movement

3.
A sequence pf shapes through a progression of steps

How does rhythm help a composition/design?
It helps the viewer's eye through a layout, either directly or subtly

What is the principle of contrast?
When two related elements are different

How can contrast help a design?
Can draw the viewers eye in to the piece and help guide the viewer through it

What is wrong with having too much or too little contrast in a design?
Too much similarity becomes boring, but much contrast could be confusing

What is the key to working with contrast?
Make sure the differences are obvious

What are some common ways of creating contrast?
Creating differences in size, value, color, type, texture, shape, alignment, direction, and movement

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